The main technical parameters of the microphone (microphone) include maximum sound pressure level (AOP), sensitivity, frequency response, directivity, impedance, total harmonic distortion (THD) and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N).
Maximum Sound Pressure Level (AOP): This is the sound pressure level at which the microphone outputs 0% total harmonic distortion at KHz. Typical test ranges from 0 dB SPL to 35 dB SPL.
Sensitivity: Indicates how efficiently a microphone converts sound into an electrical signal, usually expressed in decibels (dB). The higher the sensitivity, the better the microphone can capture the sound.
Frequency response: refers to the change in the sensitivity of a microphone in the range of 0Hz to 0kHz, which is expressed as a frequency response curve.
Directivity: Describes the ability of the microphone to capture sounds in different directions, and common directivity includes cardioid, omnidirectional, etc.
Impedance: Indicates the resistance at the input of the microphone, usually in a few hundred ohms.
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD): A measure of the degree of distortion of an audio signal, with smaller values indicating less distortion.
Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N): Indicates the ratio of signal to background noise, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the smaller the background noise.
In addition, the classification and performance parameters of the microphone are also important aspects of understanding microphone technology. According to the acousto-electrical conversion mechanism, microphones can be divided into dynamic microphones, condenser microphones, and piezoelectric microphones. The dynamic microphone generates voltage changes through the movement of the sound disturbance cone in the magnetic field, which is suitable for miniaturization and durability requirements; The condenser microphone converts the signal by changing the distance of the capacitor by sound, and has high sensitivity and good frequency response characteristics; Piezoelectric microphones convert sound into electrical signals through the piezoelectric effect.
